In answer to this demand, each player should indicate which card of those on the table he played. No one is allowed to see any trick that has been turned and quitted. _=Taking Tricks.=_ As the tricks are taken they should be neatly laid one upon the other in such a manner that any player at the table can count them. All tricks belonging to one side should be kept together. At the end of each hand the score should be claimed and marked. Revokes must be detected and claimed before the cards are cut for the following deal. _=CUTTING OUT.=_ When the play is confined to four players, rubbers are usually played, and the table is complete with six persons, two looking on, and awaiting their turn. At the end of a rubber, if there are more than four players belonging to the table, those who have just played cut to decide which shall give place to those waiting, the players cutting the highest cards going out.
Hold your right ear in, Hold your right ear out, Shake it a little, a little, And then turn round about. Here we come dancing lewby, Lewby, lewby, li, &c. --Eckington, Derbyshire (S. O. Addy). V. How do you luby lue, How do you luby lue, How do you luby lue, O er the Saturday night? Put your right hand in, Put your right hand out, Shake it in the middle, And turn yourselves about. --Lady C. Gurdon s Suffolk _County Folk-lore_, p. 64.
=_ If in taking aim the player moves his ball and causes it to strike another, even without intending to make a stroke, a foul stroke may be claimed by an adversary. (See Rule Fifteenth.) _=15.=_ If a player fail to hit another ball, it counts one to his opponent; but if by the same stroke the player’s ball is forced over the table or into any pocket it counts three to his opponent. _=16.=_ Forcing any ball off the table, either before or after the score, causes the striker to gain nothing by the stroke. _=17.=_ In the event of either player using his opponent’s ball and scoring, the red must be spotted and the balls broken again by the non-striker; but if no score is made, the next player may take his choice of balls and continue to use the ball he so chooses to the end of the game. No penalty, however, attaches in either case unless the mistake be discovered before the next stroke. _=18.
20, 1869; _Daily News_, Feb. 10, 1869; _Westminster Papers_, Jan., 1869. THREE-HANDED BINOCLE. When three persons play, the entire pack is dealt out, giving sixteen cards to each player, four at a time, and turning up the last for the trump. There is no stock. Each plays for himself, and must keep his own score. A triangular cribbage board is very useful for this purpose. _=Dix.=_ Each player in turn, beginning on the dealer’s left, may show the Nine of trumps if he holds it, and exchange it for the trump card.
=_ All the regulations for leading, following suit, drawing from the talon, etc., are the same as in Bézique, but the declarations and their values are quite different. _=Brisques.=_ There are twelve brisque cards, the Seven of each suit being added to the usual Aces and Tens. The brisques are not scored as taken in, except in the last six tricks. At the end of the hand all the brisques are counted, whether already scored in the last six tricks or not, and the player having more than six counts ten points for each above six. If each has six, neither scores. By this method, a player may make and score several brisques in the last six tricks, all of which he will reckon over again in the total count at the end. _=Declarations.=_ The winner of any trick, previous to the exhaustion of the stock, may announce and lay upon the table any one of ten different combinations, which are divided into three classes.
24. A player cutting into one table, whilst belonging to another, loses his right of re-entry into that latter, and takes his chance of cutting in, as if he were a fresh candidate. 25. If any one break up a table, the remaining players have the prior right to him of entry into any other, and should there not be sufficient vacancies at such other table to admit all those candidates, they settle their precedence by cutting. SHUFFLING 26. The pack must neither be shuffled below the table nor so that the face of any card be seen. 27. The pack must not be shuffled during the play of the hand. 28. A pack, having been played with, must neither be shuffled by dealing it into packets, nor across the table.
Barker). XII. Christian was a soldier, A soldier, a soldier, Christian was a soldier, and a brave one too. Right hand in, right hand out, Shake it in the middle, and turn yourself about. --Sporle, Norfolk (Miss Matthews). XIII. Friskee, friskee, I was and I was A-drinking of small beer. Right arms in, right arms out, Shake yourselves a little, and little, And turn yourselves about. --Cornwall (_Folk-lore Journal_, v. p.
, Nottingham, and North Staffs. have been selected to show the process of decadence in the game. Hopper has first become upper, and then other. Of the North Staffs. Potteries version Miss Keary says, How it ends I have never been able to make out; no one about here seems to know either. With the exception of these few variants, it is singular how stereotyped the words of the rhyme have become in this game. (_d_) This game may owe its origin to the fact of the miller in olden times paying himself in kind from the corn brought to him to be ground. The miller is a well-known object of satire in old ballads and mediaeval writers. It is, however, probable that the custom which formerly prevailed at some of the public festivals, of catching or grabbing for sweethearts and wives, is shown in this game. For instance, to account for a Scottish custom it is said that St.
3 N & S, the other moving away, being No. 3 E & W. Each pair adds up its score card at the end, and puts down the total number of tricks they have won. The names of the players having been previously written on the blackboard, their scores are put down opposite their names, each side, N & S and E & W, is then added up in order to find the average, and all scores above average are plus, while all below average are minus. The following is an example of the averaging of a game in which five tables took part, playing 30 deals:-- N & S E & W a 201 -6 f 189 +6 b 204 -3 g 186 +3 c 211 +4 h 179 -4 d 207 = j 183 = e 212 +5 k 178 -5 --------------- --------------- 5 |1035 5 |915 +---- +--- Aver. 207, N & S. Aver. 183, E & W. The _=e=_ and _=f=_ pairs make the best scores N & S and E & W respectively; the _=f=_ pair, having won the greatest number of tricks above the average of the hands, would be the winners. _=Howell Pair System.
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The underlined card wins the trick and the card under it is the next one led. +------+-----+-----+----+ +------+-----+-----+-----+ | A | Y | B | Z | | A | Y | B | Z | +------+-----+-----+----+ +------+-----+-----+-----+ | _Q♠_| 2♠ | 9♠ |♣2 | 1 | _A♢_| Q♢ | J♢ | 9♢ | | _A♠_| 6♠ | 8♠ |♡3 | 2 | _K♢_| 6♢ | 8♢ | 5♢ | | _K♠_| 10♠ | 4♠ |♡7 | 3 | _10♢_| 4♢ | ♡A | 3♢ | | 5♠ | _J♠_| 3♠ |♡J | 4 | J♠ | 3♠ | 9♠ | _A♠_| | 2♢ | _Q♢_| 4♢ | 5♢ | 5 | 5♠ | Q♠ | _K♠_| 6♠ | | 10♢ | 9♢ | 7♢ |_J♢_| 6 | ♣Q | ♣6 | ♣J |_♣K_ | | ♡ 4 | 3♢ | 8♢ |_A♢_| 7 | 7♢ |_♡J_ | ♡5 |♡10 | | 7♠ | ♡5 |♡ 9 |_K♢_| 8 | 10♠ | ♡7 |_♡Q_ |♡ 9 | | ♡ 8 | ♣3 |♡ 2 |_6♢_| 9 |_♣ 5_ | ♣4 | ♣2 |♣ 3 | | ♣ 4 |_♣Q_ |♣10 |♣9 | 10 | _7♠_| 2♠ | 4♠ |♡ K | | ♣ 5 |_♣A_ |♡ 6 |♣7 | 11 | ♣10 | ♡4 |_♣A_ |♡ 8 | | ♣ 8 |_♣K_ |♡10 |♡Q | 12 | ♣ 8 | ♡3 |_♣9_ |♡ 6 | |_♣ J_ | ♣6 |♡ A |♡K | 13 | ♣ 7 | 2♢ | 8♠ |♡ 2 | +------+-----+-----+----+ +------+-----+-----+-----+ In the first example the dealer, Z, bids a heart. A says one royal and Y two clubs. This bid of Y’s denies any support for his partner’s hearts, but shows a supporting minor suit, in case Z is strong enough to go on with the hearts. B bids two royals as he can stop the hearts twice and ruff the clubs. Z cannot pursue the hearts, but shows his supporting minor suit, bidding three diamonds. This says to Y, “Go no trumps if you can stop the spades.” When A passes, having bid his hand on the first round, Y goes two no trumps and makes game. B leads the top of his partner’s declared suit, and A leads a fourth round, hoping to get in with the club jack. At tricks 8 and 9, B signals control in hearts.
P. Emslie, are inserted in order to assist the reader to understand the different actions, and in one or two instances I have been able to give a facsimile reproduction of representations of the games from early MSS. in the Bodleian and British Museum Libraries. Although none of the versions of the games now collected together are in their original form, but are more or less fragmentary, it cannot, I think, fail to be noticed how extremely interesting these games are, not only from the point of view of the means of amusement (and under this head there can be no question of their interest), but as a means of obtaining an insight into many of the customs and beliefs of our ancestors. Children do not invent, but they imitate or mimic very largely, and in many of these games we have, there is little doubt, unconscious folk-dramas of events and customs which were at one time being enacted as a part of the serious concerns of life before the eyes of children many generations ago. As to the many points of interest under this and other heads there is no occasion to dwell at length here, because the second volume will contain an appendix giving a complete analysis of the incidents mentioned in the games, and an attempt to tell the story of their origin and development, together with a comparison with the games of children of foreign countries. The intense pleasure which the collection of these games has given me has been considerably enhanced by the many expressions of the same kind of pleasure from correspondents who have helped me, it not being an infrequent case for me to be thanked for reviving some of the keenest pleasures experienced by the collector since childhood; and I cannot help thinking that, if these traditional games have the power of thus imparting pleasure after the lapse of many years, they must contain the power of giving an equal pleasure to those who may now learn them for the first time. ALICE BERTHA GOMME. BARNES COMMON, S.W.
Similar versions are played at Earls Heaton (Mr. Hardy), Forest of Dean (Miss Matthews), Ellesmere (Burne, _Shropshire Folk-lore_, p. 574), Derbyshire (_Folk-lore Journal_, i. 386). Hurling A game played with a ball. The players are divided into two equal parties, each of which tries to secure and keep the ball in their possession. The prize is a ball made of cork, covered with silver.--Courtney s _West Cornwall Glossary_. In Taylor s _Antiquitates Curiosæ_, p. 144, it is stated:-- The game of hurling consisted in throwing or hurling a ball of wood about three inches in diameter, and covered with plated silver, sometimes gilt.
[Two other verses are sometimes added, introducing gentleman and ladies. All versions, however, conclude with the girl saying--] Rise up, rise up, poor Mary Brown, And see your poor sweetheart go through the town. I will get up upon my feet, To see my sweetheart go through the street. --Halliwell s _Nursery Rhymes_, p. 218. (_b_) The children form a ring, one child laying or kneeling down in the centre. The ring sing the first, third, fifth, and alternate verses; the girl in the middle answers with the second, fourth, and so on alternately. At the last verse the girl jumps up and breaks through the ring by force; another girl takes her place in the ring, and the game begins again. The Sussex version of Mary Brown (Chas. Wise) is played by the children standing in line and advancing and retiring towards the lying or kneeling child.
Hawkey. Headicks and Pinticks. Heads and Tails. Hecklebirnie. Hen and Chicken. Here comes a Lusty Wooer. Here comes One Virgin. Here I sit on a Cold Green Bank. Here stands a Young Man. Here we go around, around.
If this does not decide it, the elder hand wins. _=The Prime.=_ Four cards of different suits, sometimes called a Dutch flush, is a better hand than the point. If a prime is the best combination shown, the holder wins the pool, and receives _=two counters=_ from each of the other players. If the pips in the prime aggregate more than thirty, it is called _=Grand Prime=_, and the holder receives _=three counters=_ from each of the other players, instead of two. If two or more primes are shown, the one with the highest number of pips wins. If this is still a tie, the elder hand wins. _=A Sequence=_ is a bobtail straight flush; that is, three of the four cards are in sequence, such as the 2, 3 and 4 of spades, with an odd card, such as a 9. This is a better combination than a prime, and the holder receives _=three counters=_ from each player. In case of ties, the highest sequence wins.
If the third hand plays before the second, the fourth hand may demand that the card be taken back, and may call upon the third hand to play the highest card he has of the suit; or may call upon him not to discard hearts. If the fourth plays before the third, the second player may demand the penalty. 22. The first player to any trick having led, the others must follow suit if they can. Should a player revoke, and discover the error before the trick in which it occurs has been turned and quitted, he may amend his play, and the card played in error becomes an exposed card. Any who have played after him may withdraw their cards and substitute others, the cards first played not being exposed. 23. If the revoke is discovered during the play of the hand, the hand must be played out, and at the end the revoking player must pay all losses in that hand. Should the revoking player win the pool himself, he must pay to the pool thirteen counters and leave them for a Jack. Should he divide it, he must pay the other winner six counters, and leave up seven for a Jack.
Curly Locks [Music] I. Curly locks, curly locks, Wilt thou be mine? Thou shalt not wash dishes Nor yet feed the swine; But sit on a fine cushion And sew a fine seam, And feed upon strawberries, Sugar and cream. --Earls Heaton (Herbert Hardy). II. Bonny lass, canny lass, Wilta be mine? Thou s nowder wesh dishes Nor sarra the swine: But sit on thy crippy, &c. --Dickinson s _Cumberland Glossary_. (_b_) Two children, a girl and a boy, separate from their fellows, who are not particularly placed, the boy caressing the girl s curls and singing the verses. (_c_) This game is evidently a dramatic representation of wooing, and probably the action of the game has never been quite completed in the nursery. The verses are given as nursery rhymes by Halliwell, Nos. cccclxxxiii.
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Conversation during the play should be avoided, as it may annoy players at the table or at other tables in the room. 8. The dummy should not leave his seat to watch his partner play. He should not call attention to the score nor to any card or cards that he or the other players hold. 9. If a player say, “I have the rest,” or any words indicating that the remaining tricks, or any number thereof, are his, and one or both of the other players expose his or their cards, or request him to play out the hand, he should not allow any information so obtained to influence his play. 10. If a player concede, in error, one or more tricks, the concession should stand. 11. A player having been cut out of one table should not seek admission in another unless willing to cut for the privilege of entry.
This world is for ample living; we want security and freedom; all of us in every country, except a few dull-witted, energetic bores, want to see the manhood of the world at something better than apeing the little lead toys our children buy in boxes. We want fine things made for mankind--splendid cities, open ways, more knowledge and power, and more and more and more--and so I offer my game, for a particular as well as a general end; and let us put this prancing monarch and that silly scare-monger, and these excitable patriots, and those adventurers, and all the practitioners of Welt Politik, into one vast Temple of War, with cork carpets everywhere, and plenty of little trees and little houses to knock down, and cities and fortresses, and unlimited soldiers--tons, cellars-full--and let them lead their own lives there away from us. My game is just as good as their game, and saner by reason of its size. Here is War, done down to rational proportions, and yet out of the way of mankind, even as our fathers turned human sacrifices into the eating of little images and symbolic mouthfuls. For my own part, I am _prepared_. I have nearly five hundred men, more than a score of guns, and I twirl my moustache and hurl defiance eastward from my home in Essex across the narrow seas. Not only eastward. I would conclude this little discourse with one other disconcerting and exasperating sentence for the admirers and practitioners of Big War. I have never yet met in little battle any military gentleman, any captain, major, colonel, general, or eminent commander, who did not presently get into difficulties and confusions among even the elementary rules of the Battle. You have only to play at Little Wars three or four times to realise just what a blundering thing Great War must be.
_=The Revoke.=_ Should the adversaries detect and claim a revoke before the cards are cut for the following deal, they have the option of three penalties: 1st. To take three tricks from the revoking player, adding them to their own. 2nd. To deduct three points from his game score. 3rd. To add three points to their own game score. The penalty cannot be divided. A revoke may be corrected by the player making it before the trick in which it occurs has been turned and quitted. The card played in error must be left face up on the table, and must be played when demanded by the adversaries, unless it can be got rid of previously, in the course of play.
Impérial differs from Piquet in some minor details, although the leading principle is the same. There are no discards; sequences of court cards are the only ones that count; tierces are worthless; and a trump suit is added. The _=cards=_ rank K Q J A 10 9 8 7; the K Q J A and 7 of trumps are called honours, and in all sequences the four highest cards in the suit are the only ones that count. _=Counters.=_ Each player is supplied with six white and four red counters, which are passed from left to right as the points accrue. Each red is worth six white, and when all six white counters have been passed over, they must be returned, and a red one passed over in their place. When all the counters, four red and six white, have been passed over, the game is won. _=Dealing.=_ Twelve cards are given to each player, two or three at a time, and the twenty-fifth is turned up for the trump. If this is an honour, the dealer marks one white counter for it.
She kneels down with him on the cushion, and he salutes her, and they then rise and dance round and round to the fiddler. The girls then go through the same thing, saying, young men, and then a young man, &c., until the whole company have gone through the same ceremony, which concludes with all dancing round three times, as at the commencement. The Norfolk and London versions are reduced to a simple Kiss in the Ring game, with the following verse:-- Round the cushion we dance with glee, Singing songs so merrily; Round the cushion we dance with glee, Singing songs so merrily; Yet the punishment you must bear If you touch the cushion there. --Sporle, Norfolk (Miss Matthews). (_c_) Selden, in his _Table Talk_, thus refers to this game:-- The Court of England is much altered. At a solemn dancing first you have the grave measures, then the Cervantoes and the Golliards, and this is kept up with ceremony. At length to Trenchmore and the _Cushion Dance_; and then all the company dance, lord and groom, lady and kitchen-maid, no distinction. But in King Charles s time there has been nothing but Trenchmore and the Cushion Dance, &c. The Whishin Dance (an old-fashioned dance, in which a cushion is used to kneel upon), mentioned by Dickinson (_Cumberland Glossary_), is probably the same game or dance, whishin meaning cushion.