” This means that he will undertake to win the number of tricks already bid, with the _=turn-up=_ suit for trumps. In order to over-call such a bid as this, any other player would have to announce a greater number of tricks. For instance; Z deals, and turns a heart. A calls six tricks, intending to name hearts trumps; but not saying so. B passes; Y says “I Keep.” This announces to the table that Y will play with a red trump, and A knows he is bidding on diamonds. Z passes, and A says; “I keep over you.” B then bids seven tricks, and if A will not risk seven tricks in hearts, B will be the successful bidder. If A should bid seven tricks by keeping over B, the latter must know that it is useless for him to bid again unless he can make more tricks in diamonds than A can in hearts; for A’s bid, being in first preference, will always outrank B’s for the same number of tricks. A player once having passed cannot come into the bidding again, except to call one of the misères.
Among the many games of which everyone has heard, and which many thousands have been advised to play, is one which, strange to say, is not to be found described in any work on card games, and that is Old Maid. There was a time when the result of this game was supposed to be final and conclusive, and parties of young men have been known to substitute a Jack or King for the discarded Queen, in order to learn what the future had in store for them. Under such circumstances the game became Old Bachelor, of course. For those who believe in the verdict of the cards, there are other sources of information. Fortune telling, whether for the purpose of amusement or self-deception, has undoubtedly interested many persons in all stations of life ever since Eittella first explained the art, away back in the sixteenth century. The meanings attached to the cards individually, and the manner of their arrangement, is all that can be given in a work of this kind. The qualifications for success in foretelling the future do not depend so much on the cards as on good judgment of human nature, unlimited assurance, a glib tongue, and a certain amount of ingenuity in making a connected story out of the disjointed sentences formed by the chance arrangement of certain cards, to which an arbitrary or fanciful meaning is attached. Speculation is considered by some persons an excellent training school for the commercial instincts of the younger members of a family, teaching them to form correct estimates as to the value of certain articles offered for sale in a fluctuating market. Authors is a very good game for the family circle, and does not require special cards, the ordinary pack being easily adapted to the distinctions of the game. Patience, or Solitaire, has probably claimed the attention of every card-player at some time or other, and one cannot fail to be impressed by the number and ingenuity of the patience games which have been invented.
520). II. Bellasay, bellasay, what time of day? One o clock, two o clock, three, and away. --Halliwell s _Nursery Rhymes_, p. 283. (_b_) The children form long trains, standing one behind the other. They march and sing the first four lines, then the fifth line, when they stand and begin again as before. (_c_) Miss Burne suggests a connection with the old pack-horses. Mr. Addy (_Sheffield Glossary_) gives the first two lines as a game.
is falling down.| -- | -- | | 7.| -- |Says the little D. | -- | | 8.| -- | -- | -- | | 9.|My fair lady. |Fair lady. |My fair lady. | |10.| -- | -- | -- | |11.
Jack. Disagreeable young man. _=R.=_ He will do you an injury or injustice of some kind. Ten. Prison. Nine. Vexatious delays in business matters. Eight. Bad news.
For instance: Partner leads King, won by the ace second hand. Whatever this player leads, put in your Pedro, if you have one, your partner must have Queen of trumps. Playing to the score is very important. Do not attempt to get more than the number bid until that is assured. On the other hand, if it is certain that the adversary cannot make good his bid, do not let him get as close to it as possible, but play boldly to win all you can, for every point he makes is simply lost. Here are a few example hands, which will give a very good idea of some of the fine points in the game. _=No. 1.=_ | | _=No. 2.
Such points count for neither side; but any points found among the discards may be counted by the side making the trump, as in the ordinary game. Owing to the uncertainty as to the number of points actually in play, the result is controlled more largely by luck than skill. In some places the _=first lead=_ from the successful bidder must be a _=trump=_. This makes the game too much like Auction Pitch, and spoils some of the finer points in leading. _=Low=_ is sometimes counted for the person to whom it is dealt. Such a rule causes endless confusion and disputes. The old method of _=scoring=_ has already been mentioned. Another variation is that if the bidder’s side do not make at least 8 points they cannot score anything, no matter what they bid. If both sides score 7, neither having bid more than 7, neither scores. If one side bids 6, and makes 8, it scores 8; but the adversaries score the 6 they make.
Whom will you have for nuts in May, Nuts in May, nuts in May? Whom will you have for nuts in May, On a fine summer morning? We ll have ---- for nuts in May, Nuts in May, nuts in May, We ll have ---- for nuts in May, On a fine summer morning. Who will you send to fetch her [or him] away, To fetch her away, to fetch her away? Who will you send to fetch her away, On a fine summer morning? We ll send ---- to fetch her away, Fetch her away, fetch her away, We ll send ---- to fetch her away, On a fine summer morning. --Liphook and Winterton, Hants (Miss Fowler). II. Here we come gathering nuts and May [Nuts and May, nuts and May], Here we come gathering nuts and May, On a cold and frosty morning. Pray who will you gather for nuts and May, Pray who will you gather for nuts and May, On a cold and frosty morning? We ll gather ---- for nuts and May, We ll gather ---- for nuts and May, On a cold and frosty morning. Pray who will you send to take her away, Pray who will you send to take her away, On a cold and frosty morning? We ll send ---- to take her away, We ll send ---- to take her away, On a cold and frosty morning. --Penzance (Mrs. Mabbott). III.
1 places his ball on the “winning and losing” spot, No. 2 plays at No. 1, No. 3 at No. 2, and so on--each person playing at the last ball, unless the striker’s ball be in hand, when he plays at the nearest ball. _=3.=_ When a striker loses a life the next in rotation plays at the ball nearest to his own; but if this player’s ball be in hand, he plays at the ball nearest to the centre of the baulk-line, whether it be in or out of baulk. _=4.=_ When any doubt arises as to the nearest ball, the marker measures the distance, and the player strikes at the ball declared to be nearest his own. _=5.
This is a better combination than a prime, and the holder receives _=three counters=_ from each player. In case of ties, the highest sequence wins. If the sequence flush is one of four cards, it is a doublet. _=A Tricon=_, or three of a kind, is better than a straight, and entitles the holder to _=four counters=_ from each of the other players. Pairs have no value. _=A Flush=_ is four cards of the same suit, not necessarily in sequence, and is better than a tricon. The holder is paid _=five counters=_ by each of the other players, in addition to winning the pool. _=Doublets.=_ Any hand containing a double combination will beat any single combination. For instance: A player holds three of a kind, and the fourth card in his hand is of a different suit from any of his triplet.
| -- | -- | -- | |25.| -- |She showed her ring |Married to-day so kiss| | | |and bells did ring. |one another. | |26.| -- | -- | -- | |27.| -- | -- | -- | |28.|[Wallflowers verses | -- | -- | | |follow.] | | | |29.| -- | -- |Poor widow left alone,| | | | |and choose the fairest| | | | |daughter. | |30.
The initial arrangement would be as follows:-- [Illustration: 4 4 +---------+ +---------+ | Mort. | | Mort. | 2 | | 3 or this:-- 3 | | 2 | Vivant. | | Vivant. | +---------+ +---------+ 1 1 ] For the three succeeding games the arrangement would be:-- [Illustration: 1 2 3 +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ | Mort. | | Mort. | | Mort. | 3 | | 4 4 | | 1 1 | | 2 | Vivant. | | Vivant. | | Vivant.
4th. Taking advantage of the _=tenace=_ possibilities of the hand by placing the lead with a certain player; or by avoiding the necessity of leading away from tenace suits. For example: A player holds A Q 10 of a suit, his right hand adversary holding K J 9. These are known as the _=major=_ and _=minor=_ tenaces. Whichever leads makes only one trick; but if the holder of the major tenace can get the suit led twice, he makes all. This is called the _=short-suit game=_, or _=finesse and tenace=_. Its resources may be added to by finessing against certain cards. For example: Holding A Q 3 of a suit led by the partner, to play Q is a finesse against fourth hand having the King. Each of these systems has its advantages, and almost every hand will offer opportunities for practice in all of them. The most important thing to impress on the beginner is that whist cannot be played by machinery.
There must be a new deal by the same dealer if any card is found faced in the pack; or if the pack is proved incorrect or imperfect; but any previous cutting or scores made with the imperfect pack stand good. The adversaries may demand a new deal if any card is exposed during the deal, provided they have not touched a card. If an adversary exposes a card, the dealer may elect to deal again. If a new deal is not demanded, cards exposed in dealing cannot be called. The adversaries may stop a player dealing out of turn, or with the wrong pack, provided they do so before the last three cards are dealt, alter which the deal stands good. _=Misdealing.=_ A misdeal loses the deal. It is a misdeal: If the cards have not been properly cut, if the dealer does not give the same number of cards to each player on the same round; if he gives too many or too few cards to any player; if he counts the cards on the table, or those remaining in the pack; or if he deals a card incorrectly, and fails to correct the error before dealing another. If the dealer is interrupted in any way by an adversary, he does not lose his deal. _=Bidding.
The hands on which a player should stand, and those on which the dealer should refuse are known as _=jeux de règle=_, and will be found in the suggestions for good play. A proposal, acceptance, or refusal once made cannot be changed or taken back, and the number of cards asked for cannot be corrected. _=DISCARDING.=_ If the pone proposes, and the dealer asks: “How many?” the elder hand discards any number of cards from one to five, placing them on his right. These discards, once quitted, must not again be looked at. A player looking at his own or his adversary’s discards can be called upon to play with his cards exposed face upward on the table, but not liable to be called. The number of cards discarded must be distinctly announced, and the trump is then laid aside, and the cards given from the top of the pack, without further shuffling. It is considered imperative that the player who has proposed should take at least one card, even if he proposed with five trumps in his hand. The pone helped, the dealer then announces how many cards he takes, placing his discards on his left. The dealer, if asked, must inform his adversary how many cards he took, provided the question is put before he plays a card.
So long as they do not balance, the banker must ask for what he wants: “Give me fourteen dollars on the outside to make the game,” etc. As soon as the amounts balance, and no more bets are offered, he says: “Roll. The game is made.” A round stick, about a foot long, is placed behind nine small ivory balls. Any person may roll. He takes his stand at one corner of the table and rolls the balls across the table to the pocket diagonally opposite him. At least one ball must go into the pocket and one must be left out, or they must be rolled over again. The number of balls left outside the pocket, odd or even, decides whether the inside or the outside bets win; and after the banker has deducted his ten per cent, the players who have backed the winning side get their money. MONTE BANK. The money staked by the banker is piled upon the table, so that all players may see what is to be won.
|one another. | |26.| -- | -- | -- | |27.| -- | -- | -- | |28.|[Wallflowers verses | -- | -- | | |follow.] | | | |29.| -- | -- |Poor widow left alone,| | | | |and choose the fairest| | | | |daughter. | |30.| -- | -- | -- | |31.| -- | -- | -- | |32.
These are the suits in which the best chance for a single trick usually occurs when the suit is led by some one else. For example: Hearts trumps:-- ♡ 8 7 6 3 ♣ 9 8 ♢ K 8 3 2 ♠ K 4 2 The best opening from such a hand is the club nine. When forced to open single-honor suits, the lead of the lowest card shows an honor as good as the Queen, while the lead of an intermediate card denies such an honor, as in the following examples: hearts trumps:-- ♡ 10 8 3 2 ♣ K 6 ♢ Q 7 6 4 ♠ Q 5 4 From this we should lead the four of diamonds; but holding ♡ 10 8 3 2 ♣ K 6 ♢ J 8 7 4 ♠ Q 5 4 we should lead the seven of diamonds. From hands containing four trumps and three three-card suits, we use our own judgment, sometimes leading the trump, and sometimes a plain suit. We prefer the plain suit if it is a desirable one to open, such as hearts trumps:-- ♡ K 8 3 2 ♣ J 10 4 ♢ A 10 3 ♠ 8 4 3 From this we would open the Jack of clubs; but from ♡ K 8 3 2 ♣ J 3 2 ♢ A 10 3 ♠ Q 6 3 we should lead the deuce of trumps. If in this hand the club suit were Q J 3, the Queen of clubs would be the best opening. It may seem paradoxical that a weaker hand should call for a trump lead; but the opening is not an attack. It is a move to await developments. _=Three-trump Hands.=_ From hands containing three trumps or less, our opening leads vary from the ordinary player’s game more than in any other particular.
May not the custom of throwing of old and worn-out shoes after the bride have arisen from the practice of dancing? The danced-out shoes may have been the ones used. It is curious that the cushion is used in the marriage ceremonies of the Brahmins. Mr. Kearns, in his _Marriage Ceremonies of the Hindoos of the South of India_, p. 6, says that a stool or cushion is one of the preparations for the reception of the bridegroom, who on entering the apartment sits down on the stool which is presented to him. He says, I step on this for the sake of food and other benefits, on this variously splendid footstool. The bride s father then presents to him a cushion made of twenty leaves of cúsa grass, holding it up with both hands and exclaiming, The cushion! the cushion! the cushion! The bridegroom replies, I accept the cushion, and taking it, places it on the ground under his feet, while he recites a prayer. It is probable that we may have in the Cushion Dance the last relics of a very ancient ceremony, as well as evidence of the origin of a game from custom. Cutch-a-Cutchoo Children clasp their hands under their knees in a sitting posture, and jump thus about the room. The one who keeps up longest wins the game.
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(_c_) Other versions have been sent me, with slight variations: NUTS IN MAY, with the verses ending, On a fine summer morning, from Lincoln and Nottinghamshire (Miss M. Peacock); So early in the morning, Sporle, Norfolk (Miss Matthews); Six o clock in the morning, Nottingham (Miss Wenfield); On a cold and frosty morning, East Kirkby, Lincolnshire (Miss K. Maughan); Barnes (A. B. Gomme), Colchester (Miss G. M. Frances). NUTS AND MAY: On a bright and sunny morning (Mr. C. C.
, the layout, or the original pool. Misère Ouverte. There is no such expression as this in French; the proper term is Misère sur table. See Boston. Mittelhand, G., the second player on the first trick, in Skat. Mixed Pair, a lady and gentleman playing as partners. Mort, F., the dummy hand at Whist or Bridge. Mouth Bets, those made without putting up the money.
Wanna buy me a drink, honey? she gasped. I smuggled a lift and slipped all four of her garters off the tops of her hose. A funny, stricken look replaced the erotic face she had made at me. She headed for dry dock. B-girls usually work in pairs, so I looked down toward the other end of the polished mahogany. Sure enough, there was the brunette, frowning as she tried to figure why the blond bomber had high-tailed it out of there. I shook my head at her and she let it lie. That should have cut out the last distraction. But no, I could see one more bimbo working her way through the laughing, drink-flushed crowd toward me. She had hair-colored hair, which was sort of out of character for a barroom hustler.
=_ These are identical with Boston, but instead of doubling the pool, the player who is unsuccessful in his undertaking pays into the pool the same amount that he loses to each of the other players. _=ANNOUNCEMENTS.=_ The bids rank in the order following; beginning with the lowest. The full-faced type show the words used by the players in calling their bids. It will be noticed that the order is not the same as in Boston, and that an additional bid is introduced, called Piccolissimo. To win 5 tricks, _=Boston=_. To win _=Six Tricks=_. To lose 12 tricks, after having discarded a card which is not to be shown; _=Little Misère=_. To win _=Seven Tricks=_. To win one trick, neither more nor less, after having discarded a card which is not to be shown, there being no trump suit; _=Piccolissimo=_.
| -- | -- | -- | |34.| -- | -- | -- | |35.| -- | -- | -- | |36.| -- | -- | -- | |37.| -- | -- | -- | |38.| -- | -- | -- | |39.| -- | -- | -- | |40.| -- | -- | -- | |41.| -- |What will you have to |What will you take to | | | |set her free? |let him out? | |42.| -- |Fourteen pounds and a |Ten hundred pounds | | | |wedding gown.
King s Chair. Kirk the Gussie. Kiss in the Ring. Kit-cat. Kit-cat-cannio. Kittlie-cout. Knapsack. Knights. Knocked at the Rapper. Knor and Spell.
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | ⛃ | | ⛁ | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | ⛁ | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | ⛁ | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | ⛃ | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ BLACK. ] [Illustration: _=Fourth Position.=_ Black to play and win. White to play and draw. WHITE. +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | ⛁ | | ⛁ | | ⛀ | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | ⛃ | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | ⛃ | | ⛃ | | ⛂ | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ BLACK. ] The first position is one of the most common endings on the checker board, and should be very thoroughly understood. The letters in the margin refer to the variations. There are a great many minor variations, for which the student must be referred to Janvier’s Anderson, page 265. _=First Position.
Each player in turn to the left then has the privilege of passing, bidding higher, or doubling. When three players pass a bid, it is the highest made and is known as the _=Winning Declaration=_ or _=Contract=_. In order to understand the principles that govern the players in their declarations, one should be thoroughly familiar with the values attached to the tricks when certain suits are trumps. The first six tricks taken by the side that has made the winning declaration do not count. This is the “book,” but all over the book count toward making good on the contract, according to the following table: When Spades are trumps, each trick counts 2 points. ” Clubs ” ” ” ” ” 6 ” ” Diamonds ” ” ” ” ” 7 ” ” Hearts ” ” ” ” ” 8 ” ” Royal Spades ” ” ” ” ” 9 ” ” there are no trumps, ” ” ” 10 ” The game is 30 points, which must be made by tricks alone, so that three over the book, called three “by cards,” will go game from love at no trump, or four by cards at hearts or royals. These are called the _=Major=_ or _=Winning Suits=_. As it takes five by cards to go game in clubs or diamonds, and on account of the difficulty of such an undertaking, these are called the _=Minor=_ or _=Losing Suits=_. An original bid of one spade can be made only by the dealer, and it simply means, “I pass.” That is, the dealer has nothing to declare on the first round of the bidding.
This is often very unfair to the bidder, and leads to endless disputes as to who held certain cards which have been gathered into tricks. Sometimes the difference between a seven and an eight in a certain player’s hand will change the entire result. _=PAYMENTS.=_ If the bidder succeeds in winning the specified number of tricks, each adversary pays him a counter for every trick bid. If he bid three tricks, they pay him three counters each; four counters each for four tricks bid; and the value of three tricks for a misère. If he fails to win the specified number of tricks, he pays each adversary; three counters if he bid three tricks, or a misère; four if he bid four. Any player bidding nap, and succeeding in winning all five tricks, receives ten counters from each adversary; but if he fails, he pays only five to each. When penny nap is played, the settlement being in coin, it is usual to make naps win a shilling or lose sixpence, in order to avoid handling so much copper. _=SUGGESTIONS FOR GOOD PLAY.=_ In calculating his chances for success in winning a certain number of tricks, the player will often have to take into consideration the probability of certain cards being out against him.
Philosophy of Whist, by Dr. W. Pole. * Practical Guide to Whist, by Fisher Ames. x Short-Suit Whist, by Val. W. Starnes. * Short Whist, by James Clay. * Theory of Whist, by Dr. W.